BACKGROUND: Detection of bacteria by PCR applied for screening blood and blood products with special attention platelet concentrates. For practical use is expected that the detection system including Gram-positive, Gram-negative and Gram-bacterial non-stainable. It is quite challenging to achieve high sensitivity with clear negative controls with PCR reagents, due mainly Taq DNA polymerase is contaminated with traces of bacteria.

METHODS: Bacterial decontamination of Taq DNA polymerase tested by two different methods using restriction enzymes Sau 3A1 and microfiltration. Besides the commercially available Taq polymerase depleted bacterial DNA was included. A published real-time PCR specific for Gram-negative bacteria adapted to Gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus species specific and Mycobacteria, and is used to fill three Taq polymer-ases discharged from bacteria

RESULTS DNA contamination: Despite published reports of successful DNA decontamination , all three approaches perform poorly in experiments conducted in this study. Sensitivity ranges from about 50-100 colony units (CFU) per PCR reaction to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis, corresponding to 1.250 to 2.500 CFU / ml sample material.

Conclusion: It seems unsatisfactory to receive a high detection limit for the PCR bacteria even if highly multiplexed diagnostics. a reliable method for the decontamination of Taq DNA polymerase is required and will present one important step towards the detection of bacterial DNA with high sensitivity.

Reduce the reaction volume and increase the concentration of Taq DNA polymerase increases STR DNA profile results from the low source Template real world: telogen hair.

OBJECTIVE
The main method for the analysis of low template DNA (LTDNA) is known as a method of low copy number (LCN), which involves increasing the number of PCR cycles (typically 34). In common with other LTDNA method, characterized by an imbalance LCN profile allele, decline, and the drop outs which require interpretation of complex rules. They often require replicate PCR reactions to produce a “consensus” profile in special facilities. The ideal method for the analysis of LTDNA should raise the profile of the results without a high error rate and is accomplished using the standard amenities, in addition to the minimum cost.

METHOD
In this study, we present a comparison of four methods of variation for amplification of STR from LTDNA broadly used, the kit is available commercially (AmpFℓSTR (®) Profiler Plus (®)): the standard method, the standard method to post a PCR clean up, the method of the LCN, and the reaction volume decreases with increased concentrations of Taq DNA polymerase.

RESULTS
Using the telogen hair-LTDNA common source and reference DNA match, LCN method produces the highest number of appropriate and non-appropriate alleles (ie, down-in). For comparison, the reaction volume was reduced by an increase in Taq Polymerase produce fuller profile and corresponding DNA (all alleles combined) and less off-ladder alleles of a variety of input DNA. In addition, this method results in less non-concordant allele of the LCN and not more than for standard PCR, which indicates that it may be preferable to increase PCR cycles for analysis LTDNA, either with or without consensus profiles and statistical modeling.

amfiEco PCR Premix
P0702-480	GenDepot	5x96 rxns	EUR 532.8

amfiEco PCR Premix
P0702-960	GenDepot	10x96 rxns	EUR 984

amfiEco PCR Master Mix,8-Strip RTU(2X), for 50ul reaction
P0704-096	GenDepot	96 rxns	EUR 174

amfiXpand Taq DNA Ploymerase Buffer*(2X)
P0332-001	GenDepot	1ml	EUR 121.2

amfiSure Hot-Start Taq DNA Polymerase
P0322-010	GenDepot	100 units	EUR 176.4

amfiSure Hot-Start Taq DNA Polymerase
P0322-025	GenDepot	250 units	EUR 273.6

amfiXpand Taq DNA Polymerase,Including dNTP&MgCl2
P0330-010	GenDepot	100 units	EUR 180

amfiXpand Taq DNA Polymerase,Including dNTP&MgCl3
P0330-020	GenDepot	2x100 units	EUR 286.8

amfiXpand Taq DNA Polymerase,Including dNTP&MgCl2
P0330-050	GenDepot	5X100 units	EUR 465.6

amfiXpand Taq DNA Polymerase,Including dNTP&MgCl2
P0330-250	GenDepot	25X100 units	EUR 2004

amfiXpand Taq DNA Polymerase,Including dNTP&MgCl2
P0330-500	GenDepot	50X100 units	EUR 3591.6

amfiSure Taq DNA Polymerase, 1unit/ul, Including dNTP&MgCl2
P0310-025	GenDepot	250 unit	EUR 200.4

amfiSure Taq DNA Polymerase, 1unit/ul, Including dNTP&MgCl2
P0310-050	GenDepot	2X250 unit	EUR 300

amfiSure Taq DNA Polymerase, 1unit/ul, Including dNTP&MgCl2
P0310-100	GenDepot	4X250 Unit	EUR 505.2

amfiSure Taq DNA Polymerase, 1unit/ul, Including dNTP&MgCl2
P0310-250	GenDepot	10X250 Unit	EUR 886.8

amfiSure ONE Taq DNA Polymerase, 1unit/ul, MgCl2 and dNTP Included
P7002-500	GenDepot	500 units	EUR 262.8

amfiSure ONE Taq DNA Polymerase, 1unit/ul, MgCl2 and dNTP Included
P7002-502	GenDepot	2x500 units	EUR 424.8

amfiSure ONE Taq DNA Polymerase, 1unit/ul, MgCl2 and dNTP Included
P7002-510	GenDepot	10x500 units	EUR 1647.6

amfiSure ONE Taq DNA Polymerase, 1unit/ul, MgCl2 and dNTP Included
P7002-525	GenDepot	25x500 units	EUR 3624

amfiSure ONE Taq DNA Polymerase, 1unit/ul, MgCl2 and dNTP Included
P7002-550	GenDepot	50x500 units	EUR 6459.6

pTrc- Taq
PVT10500	Lifescience Market	2 ug	EUR 486

Taq Plasmid
PVT7001	Lifescience Market	2 ug	EUR 614.4

Green Taq Mix
P131-01	Vazyme	5 ml	EUR 142.8

Green Taq Mix
P131-02	Vazyme	15 ml	EUR 180

Green Taq Mix
P131-03	Vazyme	50 ml	EUR 297.6

10x Taq Buffer
BA00151	Bioatlas	1.8ml	EUR 66
Description: High purity buffer for various PCR applications.

Taq DNA Polymerase
9001-2500	Biovision	each	EUR 614.4

Taq DNA Polymerase
9001-500	Biovision	each	EUR 229.2

Taq DNA polymerase
BT10101	Bioatlas	500U	EUR 96
Description: High quality Taq polymerase for different PCR variations and downstream applications.

Taq DNA polymerase
BT10102	Bioatlas	1000U	EUR 130.8
Description: High quality Taq polymerase for different PCR variations and downstream applications.

Taq DNA polymerase
BT10103	Bioatlas	2000U	EUR 200.4
Description: High quality Taq polymerase for different PCR variations and downstream applications.

Taq DNA Polymerase
BA00103	Cusabio	500U	EUR 104.4
Description: High quality Taq polymerase for different PCR variations and downstream applications.

Taq DNA Polymerase
BA00104	Bioatlas	1000U	EUR 147.6
Description: High quality Taq polymerase for different PCR variations and downstream applications.

Taq DNA Polymerase
BA00105	Bioatlas	2500U	EUR 278.4
Description: High quality Taq polymerase for different PCR variations and downstream applications.

Taq DNA Polymerase
L7051001	Biochain	1000 unit	EUR 159

Taq DNA Polymerase
L7051200	Biochain	200 unit	EUR 41

Champagne Taq Antibody
P121-01	Vazyme	500 U	EUR 202.8

Taq I unit: 410
YRTAQ1	Yeastern Biotech	1 vial	Ask for price

2 × Taq Master Mix
P111-01	Vazyme	5 ml	EUR 140.4

2 × Taq Master Mix
P111-02	Vazyme	15 ml	EUR 175.2

2 × Taq Master Mix
P111-03	Vazyme	50 ml	EUR 283.2

Wise Taq Premix (96Rx)
9K-002-0028	Bio Basic	96Rx, 96prep	EUR 283.94

Wise Taq Premix (576Rx)
9K-002-0032	Bio Basic	576Rx, 576prep	EUR 1066.94

2X PCR Taq MasterMix
G013	ABM	5.0 ml (200 Rxns)	EUR 104.4

2X PCR Taq MasterMix
G900	ABM	25.0 ml (1000 Rxns)	EUR 246

10x Taq Buffer (MgCl2)
PCRB16	Bio Basic	4x1.5ml, 6ml	EUR 70.44

Taq DNA Polymerase (500U)
9K-001-0001	Bio Basic	500U	EUR 209.29

Taq DNA Polymerase (3000U)
9K-001-0002	Bio Basic	3000U	EUR 582

Taq DNA Polymerase (6000U)
9K-001-0033	Bio Basic	6000U	EUR 1234.5

Taq DNA Polymerase (1000U)
9K-001-0035	Bio Basic	1000U	EUR 418.62

Taq DNA Polymerase (PCR)
G008	ABM	5000 U (1.0 ml)	EUR 246

Taq DNA Polymerase (PCR)
G009	ABM	1000 U (200 ul)	EUR 104.4

Taq DNA Polymerase (PCR)
G126	ABM	10000 U (2 x 1.0 ml)	EUR 370.8

Taq Plus DNA Polymerase
P201-01	Vazyme	250 U	EUR 147.6

Taq Plus DNA Polymerase
P201-02	Vazyme	1000 U	EUR 213.6

Taq Plus DNA Polymerase
P201-03	Vazyme	3000 U	EUR 382.8

Taq DNA polymerase (+dNTPs)
02-001	Sceti	200U	EUR 183.6
Description: The Taq DNA polymerase (+dNTPs) is available in Europe and for worldwide shipping via Gentaur.

Taq DNA polymerase (+dNTPs)
02-001-5	Sceti	5×200U	EUR 308.4
Description: The Taq DNA polymerase (+dNTPs) is available in Europe and for worldwide shipping via Gentaur.

Taq DNA polymerase (-dNTPs)
02-011	Sceti	200U	EUR 168
Description: The Taq DNA polymerase (-dNTPs) is available in Europe and for worldwide shipping via Gentaur.

Taq DNA polymerase (-dNTPs)
02-011-5	Sceti	5×200U	EUR 261.6
Description: The Taq DNA polymerase (-dNTPs) is available in Europe and for worldwide shipping via Gentaur.

Maximo Taq DNA Polymerase
S101	GeneOn	500 units	EUR 55.2

Maximo Taq DNA Polymerase
S102	GeneOn	5x500 units	EUR 128.4

Maximo Taq DNA Polymerase
S103	GeneOn	20x500 units	EUR 393.6

Taq DNA Polymerase, 5units/㎕
T2200-050	GenDepot	500units	EUR 157.2

Taq DNA Polymerase, 5units/㎕
T2200-100	GenDepot	2x500 units	EUR 230.4

Taq DNA Polymerase, 5units/㎕
T2200-200	GenDepot	4x500 units	EUR 375.6

EZ Taq Polymerase (HotStart)
9K-005-0020	Bio Basic	500U	EUR 245.83

Hotstart Taq DNA Polymerase
L7052001	Biochain	1000 units	EUR 567

Hotstart Taq DNA Polymerase
L7052250	Biochain	250 units	EUR 159

Champagne Taq DNA Polymerase
P122-d1	Vazyme	500 U (2.5 U/μl)	EUR 212.4

Champagne Taq DNA Polymerase
P122-d2	Vazyme	500 U (5 U/μl)	EUR 212.4

Champagne Taq DNA Polymerase
P122-d3	Vazyme	500 U (10 U/μl)	EUR 212.4

Recombinant Taq DNA Polymerase
7-03634	CHI Scientific	1,000U	Ask for price

Recombinant Taq DNA Polymerase
7-03635	CHI Scientific	3,000U	Ask for price

Recombinant Taq DNA Polymerase
7-03636	CHI Scientific	10,000U	Ask for price

Recombinant Taq Dna Polymerase
27079804	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	EACH	EUR 117.6

Recombinant Taq Dna Polymerase
27079806	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	EACH	EUR 639.6

Taq DNA Polymerase (Recombinant)
abx073521-10000U	Abbexa	10000 U	EUR 710.4

Taq DNA Polymerase (Recombinant)
abx073521-1000U	Abbexa	1000 U	EUR 276

Taq DNA Polymerase (Recombinant)
abx073521-3000U	Abbexa	3000 U	EUR 393.6

Accuris Hot Start Taq, 1000 units
PR1000-HS-1000	Benchmark Scientific	1 PC	EUR 371.9

Accuris Hot Start Taq, 6000 units
PR1000-HS-6000	Benchmark Scientific	1 PC	EUR 1794.9

2 × Taq Plus Master Mix
P211-01	Vazyme	5 ml	EUR 160.8

2 × Taq Plus Master Mix
P211-02	Vazyme	15 ml	EUR 231.6

2 × Taq Plus Master Mix
P211-03	Vazyme	50 ml	EUR 466.8

Taq DNA Ligase - 10,000 units
3219	Intact Genomics	1/EA	EUR 303.6

2 × Rapid Taq Master Mix
P222-01	Vazyme	5 ml (5×1ml)	EUR 144

2 × Rapid Taq Master Mix
P222-02	Vazyme	15 ml (15×1ml)	EUR 183.6

2 × Rapid Taq Master Mix
P222-03	Vazyme	50 ml (50 x 1 ml)	EUR 308.4

2 × Rapid Taq Master Mix
P222-04	Vazyme	50 ml (10×5ml)	EUR 308.4

10x Taq Buffer (NH4)2SO4
PCRB55	Bio Basic	4x1.5ml, 6ml	EUR 70.44

Taq DNA Polymerase, 5u/ul
B0089(D0089)	Bio Basic	5X200U	EUR 112.2

2X PCR Taq Plus MasterMix
G014	ABM	5.0 ml (200 Rxns)	EUR 127.2

2X PCR Taq Plus MasterMix
G901	ABM	25.0 ml (1000 Rxns)	EUR 358.8

Accuris Taq Plus, 250 units
PR1000-TP-250	Benchmark Scientific	1 PC	EUR 201.3

Accuris Taq Plus, 500 units
PR1000-TP-500	Benchmark Scientific	1 PC	EUR 322.5

Taq DNA Polymerase - 5,000 units
3245	Intact Genomics	1/EA	EUR 620.4

Taq Plus DNA Polymerase (PCR)
G012	ABM	250 U (50 ul)	EUR 87.6

Taq Plus DNA Polymerase (PCR)
G040	ABM	1000 U (200 ul)	EUR 127.2

Accuris Hot Start Taq, 500 units
PR1000-HS-500	Benchmark Scientific	1 PC	EUR 215.4

ACTaq? Taq DNA Polymerase, 1000U
E2100-1000U	ACTGene	each	EUR 260.4

ACTaq? Taq DNA Polymerase, 250U
E2100-250U	ACTGene	each	EUR 122.4

Genorise® Taq DNA Polymerase
GR108007	Genorise Scientific	200 tests	EUR 230

YEA taq DNA Polymerase wiodNTP
FYT011-500U	Yeastern Biotech	500U	Ask for price

Accuris Taq Polymerase, 1000 units
PR1000-1000	Benchmark Scientific	1 PC	EUR 167.1

Accuris Taq Polymerase, 500 units
PR1000-500	Benchmark Scientific	1 PC	EUR 103.6

Accuris Taq Polymerase, 6000 units
PR1000-6000	Benchmark Scientific	1 PC	EUR 853.3

Recombinant Taq Plus DNA Polymerase
7-03631	CHI Scientific	250U	Ask for price

Recombinant Taq Plus DNA Polymerase
7-03632	CHI Scientific	750U	Ask for price

Recombinant Taq Plus DNA Polymerase
7-03633	CHI Scientific	2,500U	Ask for price

Taq Plus DNA Polymerase (Recombinant)
abx073522-2500U	Abbexa	2.500 U	EUR 710.4

Taq Plus DNA Polymerase (Recombinant)
abx073522-250U	Abbexa	250 U	EUR 276

Taq Plus DNA Polymerase (Recombinant)
abx073522-750U	Abbexa	750 U	EUR 393.6

Recombinant (E.Coli) Taq DNA Polymerase
RP-394	Alpha Diagnostics	1000 IU	EUR 196.8

Taq DNA Polymerase Polyclonal Antibody
7018-100	Biovision	each	EUR 424.8

Taq DNA Polymerase Polyclonal Antibody
7018-30T	Biovision	each	EUR 175.2

Taq 5x PCR Mix 12.5 mM
BT10402	Bioatlas	250rxn	EUR 130.8
Description: High quality Taq polymerase for different PCR variations and downstream applications.

Taq 2x PCR Mix 100 rxn
BA01501	Bioatlas	100rxn	EUR 112.8
Description: High quality Taq polymerase for different PCR variations and downstream applications.

2 × Taq Master Mix (Dye Plus)
P112-01	Vazyme	5 ml	EUR 140.4

2 × Taq Master Mix (Dye Plus)
P112-02	Vazyme	15 ml	EUR 175.2

2 × Taq Master Mix (Dye Plus)
P112-03	Vazyme	50 ml	EUR 283.2

2× EpiArt HS Taq Master Mix
EM201-01	Vazyme	1ml	EUR 174

2× EpiArt HS Taq Master Mix
EM201-02	Vazyme	5 ml (5×1ml)	EUR 363.6

2× EpiArt HS Taq Master Mix
EM201-03	Vazyme	15 ml (15×1ml)	EUR 770.4

Taq Plus DNA Polymerase, 5u/ul
D0090	Bio Basic	200U	EUR 94.8

2X PCR Taq MasterMix with dye
G013-dye	ABM	5.0 ml (200 Rxns)	EUR 104.4

2X PCR Taq MasterMix with dye
G900-dye	ABM	25.0 ml (1000 Rxns)	EUR 246

2xEs Taq Master Mix (with Dyes)
W0690-1	101Bio	-	Ask for price

2xEs Taq Master Mix (with Dyes)
W0690-5	101Bio	-	Ask for price

Taq DNA Polymerase, 5 units/µl
ABP-PP-ERTQ001	Allele Biotech	1000U	Ask for price

Taq DNA Polymerase, 5 units/µl
ABP-PP-ERTQ100	Allele Biotech	100U	Ask for price

Taq DNA Polymerase, 5 units/µl
ABP-PP-ERTQ200	Allele Biotech	200U	Ask for price

Taq DNA Polymerase, 5 units/µl
ABP-PP-ERTQ500	Allele Biotech	500U	Ask for price

YEA taq DNA Polymerase wi dNTP
FYT001-500U	Yeastern Biotech	500U	Ask for price

Accuris Taq Plus, sample, 50 units
PR1000-TP-S	Benchmark Scientific	1 PC	EUR 7.1

Taq Plus DNA Polmerase (with dNTP)
P201-d1	Vazyme	250 U	EUR 151.2

Taq Plus DNA Polmerase (with dNTP)
P201-d2	Vazyme	1000 U	EUR 231.6

Taq Plus DNA Polmerase (with dNTP)
P201-d3	Vazyme	3000 U	EUR 424.8

ACTaq? Taq Blue DNA Polymerase, 1000U
E2100B-1000U	ACTGene	each	EUR 272.4

ACTaq? Taq Blue DNA Polymerase, 250U
E2100B-250U	ACTGene	each	EUR 126

Taq DNA Polymerase (Mg2+ plus Buffer)
P101-01	Vazyme	1000 U	EUR 145.2

Taq DNA Polymerase (Mg2+ plus Buffer)
P101-02	Vazyme	5000 U	EUR 231.6

Taq DNA Polymerase (Mg2+ plus Buffer)
P101-03	Vazyme	10000 U	EUR 314.4

Taq DNA Polymerase (Mg2+ free Buffer)
P102-01	Vazyme	1000 U	EUR 145.2

Taq DNA Polymerase (Mg2+ free Buffer)
P102-02	Vazyme	5000 U	EUR 231.6

Taq DNA Polymerase (Mg2+ free Buffer)
P102-03	Vazyme	10000 U	EUR 314.4

HiQTM Taq Red DNA Polymerase, 1unit/㎕
T2201-050	GenDepot	500units	EUR 157.2

HiQTM Taq Red DNA Polymerase, 1unit/㎕
T2201-100	GenDepot	2x500 units	EUR 230.4

HiQTM Taq Red DNA Polymerase, 1unit/㎕
T2201-200	GenDepot	4x500 units	EUR 375.6

Cheetah Hot Start Taq DNA Polymerase
29050	Biotium	500EU	EUR 355.2
Description: Minimum order quantity: 1 unit of 500EU

Accuris Taq Polymerase, sample, 50 units
PR1000-S	Benchmark Scientific	1 PC	EUR 7.1

Taq DNA Polymerase, 5units/㎕ , Bulk Packing
T2200-B01	GenDepot	10,000 units	EUR 1388.4

Taq DNA Polymerase, 5units/㎕ , Bulk Packing
T2200-B05	GenDepot	5x10,000 units	EUR 6540

Recombinant (E.Coli) Taq Plus DNA Polymerase
RP-395	Alpha Diagnostics	250 U	EUR 196.8

2X Taq PCR Premix (5 x 1mL)
9K-002-0005	Bio Basic	5X1mL, 5ml	EUR 440.54

Taq PCR Master Mix (2X, Red Dye)
BS9297	Bio Basic	1ml	EUR 101.76

Taq PCR Master Mix (2X, Red Dye)
BS9298	Bio Basic	5ml	EUR 227.04

Taq PCR Master Mix (2X, Blue Dye)
BS9295	Bio Basic	1ml	EUR 101.76

Taq PCR Master Mix (2X, Blue Dye)
BS9296	Bio Basic	5ml	EUR 227.04

2×Taq PCR Master Mix(with dye)
K1034-1	ApexBio	1 ml	EUR 87.6

2×Taq PCR Master Mix(with dye)
K1034-100	ApexBio	100×1 ml	EUR 950.4

2×Taq PCR Master Mix(with dye)
K1034-20	ApexBio	20×1 ml	EUR 338.4

2×Taq PCR Master Mix(with dye)
K1034-5	ApexBio	5×1 ml	EUR 142.8

2×Taq PCR Master Mix(with dye)
K1034-50	ApexBio	50×1 ml	EUR 616.8

2 × Taq Plus Master Mix (Dye Plus)
P212-01	Vazyme	5 ml	EUR 159.6

2 × Taq Plus Master Mix (Dye Plus)
P212-02	Vazyme	15 ml	EUR 231.6

2 × Taq Plus Master Mix (Dye Plus)
P212-03	Vazyme	50 ml	EUR 466.8

2X PCR Taq Plus MasterMix with dye
G014-dye	ABM	5.0 ml (200 Rxns)	EUR 127.2

2X PCR Taq Plus MasterMix with dye
G901-dye	ABM	25.0 ml (1000 Rxns)	EUR 358.8

Taq DNA Polymerase with dNTP Mix (6000U)
9K-001-0018	Bio Basic	6000U	EUR 1536.74

Taq DNA Polymerase with dNTP Mix (500U)
9K-001-0031	Bio Basic	500U	EUR 351.28

Taq DNA Polymerase with dNTP Mix (3000U)
9K-001-0032	Bio Basic	3000U	EUR 1088.87

Taq DNA Polymerase with dNTP Mix (1000U)
9K-001-0034	Bio Basic	1000U	EUR 518.84

3G HotStart Taq DNA Polymerase (5u/ul)
3GHST81	Bio Basic	5x500U	EUR 896.24

Taq DNA Polymerase (High Purity), 5u/ul
HTD0078	Bio Basic	5X200U	EUR 129.6

CONCLUSION
Overall, this study highlights the importance and benefits of optimizing PCR conditions and to develop improved laboratory method to amplify and analyze LTDNA.